Jacquard-machine.



PATENTED SEPT.' 24, 1907.

D. LAWLOR. JAGQUARD MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 1176.8,1906.

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N6. 866,660. PATENTED SEPT. 24, 1907.

n. LA-WLOR. JAGQUARD MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG- 8, 1906.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DANIEL LAWLOR, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO LEONARD H. HARTLEY, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

JACQUARD-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 24, 1907.

Application filed August 8, 1906 Serial No. 329,660.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DANIEL LAWLOR, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Jacquard-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to jacquard-machines, particularly, to the arrangement of the needles which control the yarns which form the pile, and to the arrangement of the pattern-holes or perforations in the patterncards; the object being to make the cards longitudinally reversible and to enable a pattern to be woven with half: the number of such cards in the case of laterally symmetrical designs, which have equal corresponding portions in separate strips or breadths of cloth, as in some carpets, rugs and similar fabrics.

In the accompanying drawing, on four sheets, Figure 1 is a left side elevation of a jacquard-machine; F ig. 2, a vertical longitudinal section of the same showing a ver tical row of needles arranged in accordance with my invention in side elevation and three pattern-cards on the cylinder, the plane of section passing through a row of holes in the trap-board and through holes in the cylinder and pattern-cards; Fig. 3, a plan of part of a trapboard; Figs. 4 and 5, enlarged plans of the first and sixth needles, beginning at the top, represented in'Fig. 2 Fig. 6, a front elevation of two pattern cards laced together; Fig. 7, a front elevation of the same cards after the chain of which they form a part is unlaced, taken from the cylinder and replaced with the member previously in front of the cylinder behind the same and the cylinder turned on its axis to bring said cards again in front; Fig. 8, a diagrammatic representation showing the arrangement of the different colors of the pile warp with respect to the tail cords and needles which control them.

In a jacquard-machine, there is a horizontally arranged hollow prism B or so called cylinder, provided with journals 7) arranged in a frame I) which reciprocates in or on the main frame A of the machine, and each plane side of said cylinder is provided with as many holes I) as there are needles C used in the machine, these holes being slightly larger than the needles and said'holes and needles registering so exactly that when the cylinder is moved towards the needles with a plane face of the cylinder perpendicular to the needles, each needle enters a corresponding hole in the cylinder unless prevented by the interposition of a pattern-card D, said needles being arranged in vertical and horizontal rows. The needles C are provided with eyes 0 a, usually two eyes to each needle, through which pass tail-cords E, the upper ends of said tail-cords being fast over head so that the tail-cords normally hang vertically. Each needle is provided at its rear end with a guide-loop c which embraces a vertical pin 0 in the needle-rack c and the needle is thereby prevented from turning on its axis. The front ends of the needles are supported in a needle-plate or needle-board G.

A horizontal trap-board F is provided with as many vertical holes f as there are tail-cords and through each one of these holes hangs a tail-cord provided with a button e, knot, or equivalent enlargement above said trapboard, such enlargement being small enough to pass freely through the corresponding hole f in the trapboard but too small to pass through a narrower slit f 1 which leads radially out of said hole. The two bottom frame tail-cords of the same row at the back of the machine (at the left in Fig. 2 and at the right in Fig. 8) normally pass through the slits f of the corresponding holes in the trap-board and are lifted by the rise of said board unless the needles are moved by the card, but the other tail-cords of the same row pass through the circular hole f and in the normal position of the corresponding needles are not lifted by the rise of the trap-board. Each of the two tail-cords of the same row nearest the rear of the trap-board pass through the rear eyes 0 of half the needles of the corresponding row.

The frame I) is connected to the arm h of a rockshaft H, the rocking of which causes the cylinder to approach the needles at regular intervals and to press back the needles which are struck by a blank or unperforated part of the pattern-card, causing the front tail-cord of the needle to enter the slit f of the corresponding trap-board and causing the rear tail-cord of the same needle to pass out of the slit into the larger part of the corresponding hole in said trap-board, so that every lift of the trap-board raises one or the other tail-cord of every needle.

The lower part of each tail-cord carries a mail or eye e through which passes freely a colored yarn which being lifted appears in the design of the fabric and which not being lifted is woven into the body of the fabric.

The drawing represents a six-frame machine.

It will be understood that half of the tailcords in a vertical row of needles control the colored yarns of one reed-space or dent, as r and the other half of said row control the colored yarn of the next reed-space, as T of the reed R.

In fabrics where two strips or breadths are necessary to show the complete design, thedesign being divided vertically by the meeting edges of the strips and where the portion of the design in a single one of these strips is symmetrical vertically or in the direction of the. warp after one half of the part of the design shown by the strip being woven is completed the second half is made by reversing the direction of rotation of the prism which has the obvious effect of repeating in inverse order the changes of the shed which forms the design. With the exception of the repeat above noted, there must be a separate pattern-card for every lateral row of tufts or loops necessary to form the part of the design intended to be shown on a single strip.

In the making of rugs, carpets and similar piled fabrics frequently two strips show exactly the same portion of a design except that the design portion of one strip is left-handed and the other right-handed, that is, the complete design is symmetrical laterally or in the direction of the filling.

Heretofore it has been necessary to cut two complete sets of pattern-cards, one for the left-hand portion and the other for the right-hand portion of the design, when said portions were in separate strips.

It is obvious that even if the complete design were symmetrical both longitudinally and laterally, it would beimpossible by weaving one half of the design twice successively in a single strip, cutting the strip between the halves and then turning the strips with reference to each other, to match the halves of the design because the pile inclines away from the reed or towards the end of the fabric first made in such a manner that the halves would appear unsymmetrical owing to the shading of the yarn.

Usually the needles are arranged in an arbitrary succession which varies with different designs and manufactures of fabrics, the two yarns of the same color intended for adjacent dents being controlled by needles at different distances above or below the horizontal plane of the axis of the cylinderor above and below the middle of a vertical row of needles, thus, the two upper needles or first and second needles are sometimes used to control the same color and the fifth and ninth needles will control the same color. It is evident that with such an arrangement the cards cannot be cut in such a manner as to be capable of reversal for the purpose hereinabove indicated.

I arrange the needles (of which there are always an even number in a vertical row) which control the yarns of the same color at equal distances from the middle of said vertical row thus: the first and tenth needles (reckoning from the top of the row) will control the same color; the second and ninth the same color and so on, and the tail-cords which pass through the corresponding'needles, as the first and tenth needles, as the needles are commonly numbered, meaning the highest and lowest needles, will preferably be next to each other.

I have used in Fig. 8 a different numbering of the needles, denoting the highest and lowest needles in a vertical row by a same number I, and the needles next to them by 2, and so on, and I have placed the same numbers on the corresponding tail-cords which pass through the eyes 0 of said needles and I have numbered each of the tail-cords which pass through the loop 0 and which control the yarns from the bottom frames with the figure 6. I have also markedthe yarns from the different frames with numbers which agree with the numbers on the tail-cords by which they are controlled and have indicated the colors of the yarns by names of colors, six

in number, which are repeated in inverse order. With this arrangement, if the chain of cards be unlaced between the first and last cards, the entire chain removed from the cylinder and turned so that the front member of said chain is placed at the back of the cylinder and the rear member at the front of the cylinder, and the cylinder be turned to bring the No. 1 card to the starting point, it will be possible to weave the other half of the pattern on a new strip by running the cylinder and chain in the reverse direction, that is, if in weaving the first strip the chain were first run forward and then backward to repeat, the second strip will be woven by running the cylinder first backward and then forward to repeat.

The reversal of the movement of the cylinder may be accomplished by shifting the dogs L Ll in the usual manner.

In the drawing I have shown besides the parts above referred to by letter the cylinder-rod J, acting on another arm h of the rock-shaft H, and the spring K which give a reciprocating movement to the cylinder, the back board I which restores the needles to position when the cylinder swings forward or away from the needles, the suspending board M, the cumber board N, and lingoes or weights 0 attached to the lower ends of the tail cords. All the parts shown are oi usual construction and operation, except as herein stated.

The needles when arranged as here described may be used to operate with the gritf which serves the'purpose of the trap-board and the hooks which serve the purpose of the tailc0rds.

The arrangement above described dispenses with the trouble of handling one half of the pattern-cards heretofore used and their supporting wires, saves the cost of the material of one half of said cards and wires, one half of the cost of cutting and lacing the cards and in short, one half of the entire cost of the cards and wires and of the very important item of storing the same when temporarily laid aside for other patterns.

I claim as my invention 1*- 1, In a Jacquard-machine the combination with the cylinder and pattern-cards, of yarn-suspending devices, means of lifting said yarn-suspending devices, and needles adapted to control the engagement of said yarn suspending devices and said lifting means, the needles controlling the devices which suspend a pair of yarns of like color being arranged at equal distances above and below the horizontal plane in which the axis of said cylinder lies.

2. The combination of a Jacquard cylinder, a needle board or plate, a needle-rack, a vertical series of hori zontal needles of an even number, pattern-cards carried by said cylinder, tail-cords, each of. a pair of tail-cords which control yarns of the same color being arranged in one of a pair of needles which arearranged at equal distances on opposite sides of the horizontal plane. of the axis of said cylinder, and means for lifting the tail-cords in the needles selected by said pattern-cards.

In witness whereof, I have afhxed my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

DANIEL LAWLOR.

Witnesses Anmm'r M. Mooim, GRACE CROWLEY. 

